Florian Karsten Typefaces

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Variable Static
Pixels
0
Joints
100
Leading
1.00
Tracking
0.000 %
AA Aa
Ligatures
AA Aa
Size
5.60 vw
Leading
1.20
Tracking
0.025 %
Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft to make use of an interplanetary gravitational slingshot maneuver, using Venus to bend its flight path and bring its perihelion down to the level of Mercury's orbit. This maneuver, inspired by the orbital mechanics calculations of the Italian scientist Giuseppe Colombo, put the spacecraft into an orbit that repeatedly brought it back to Mercury. Mariner 10 used the solar radiation pressure on its solar panels and its high-gain antenna as a means of attitude control during flight, the first spacecraft to use active solar pressure control. The components on Mariner 10 can be categorized into four groups based on their common function. The solar panels, power subsystem, attitude control subsystem, and the computer kept the spacecraft operating properly during the flight. The navigational system, including the hydrazine rocket, would keep Mariner 10 on track to Venus and Mercury. Several scientific instruments would collect data at the two planets. Finally, the antennas would transmit this data to the Deep Space Network back on Earth, as well as receive commands from Mission Control. Mariner 10's various components and scientific instruments were attached to a central hub, which was roughly the shape of an octagonal prism. The hub stored the spacecraft's internal electronics. The Mariner 10 spacecraft was manufactured by Boeing. NASA set a strict limit of US$98 million for Mariner 10's total cost, which marked the first time the agency subjected a mission to an inflexible budget constraint. No overruns would be tolerated, so mission planners carefully considered cost efficiency when designing the spacecraft's instruments. Cost control was primarily accomplished by executing contract work closer to the launch date than was recommended by normal mission schedules, as reducing the length of available work time increased cost efficiency. Despite the rushed schedule, very few deadlines were missed. The mission ended up about US$1 million under budget.
AA Aa
Size
1.75 vw
Leading
1.45
Tracking
0.065 %
Die Columbia, der erste raumflugfähige Orbiter, wurde im März 1979 an die NASA ausgeliefert. Anschließend wurde die Raumfähre ins Kennedy Space Center überführt, um dort auf ihre erste Mission vorbereitet zu werden. Im November 1980 wurde die Columbia mit dem Außentank verbunden und einen Monat später zur Startrampe gefahren. Nach mehreren Startverschiebungen fand am 12. April 1981 der Start des ersten wiederverwendbaren Raumfahrzeuges der Welt statt. Ziel des ersten Fluges war es lediglich, die Columbia sicher in die Umlaufbahn und wieder zurück zu bringen. Der Flug dauerte insgesamt etwas über zwei Tage und endete mit einer Landung auf der Edwards Air Force Base in Kalifornien. Der Erstflug gilt bis heute als technische Meisterleistung, denn es war das erste Mal in der Geschichte der Raumfahrt, dass ein Trägersystem bei seinem Jungfernflug bemannt war. Die folgenden drei Flüge, die alle mit der Raumfähre Columbia durchgeführt wurden, dienten der Erprobung aller Systeme des Shuttle. Danach wurde das System als einsatzfähig erklärt. In den darauf folgenden 21 Missionen, die bis Januar 1986 durchgeführt wurden, stand der Satellitentransport im Vordergrund. Außerdem fanden einige rein wissenschaftliche Flüge statt, bevor es zum Challenger-Unglück kam. Am 28. Januar 1986 hob die Raumfähre Challenger bei einer ungewöhnlich niedrigen Außentemperatur von 2 °C zur Mission STS-51-L ab. Die NASA hatte sich für den Start entschieden, obwohl Ingenieure des Booster-Herstellers Morton Thiokol, vor allem Roger Boisjoly, vor einem Start bei Temperaturen unter 12 °C eindringlich gewarnt hatten. Das Management von Thiokol überstimmte jedoch schließlich seine Ingenieure und gab seinem wichtigsten Kunden NASA offiziell die Startfreigabe. Wenige Sekunden nach dem Start versagte tatsächlich ein Dichtungs-O-Ring der rechten Feststoffrakete, und durch das entstandene Leck trat heißes Verbrennungsgas an einer Seite des Boosters aus. Die Flamme traf auf den Außentank und die Befestigung der Feststoffrakete, wodurch die Tankhülle zerstört wurde. Der Tank explodierte 73 Sekunden nach dem Start in 15 Kilometern Höhe, worauf das Shuttle durch die enormen aerodynamischen Kräfte zerstört wurde. Die sieben Astronauten überlebten das wahrscheinlich, starben aber spätestens beim Aufschlagen der Cockpitsektion auf die Wasseroberfläche des Atlantiks.
AA Aa
Size
4 vw
Leading
1.15
Tracking
0.020 %
After separation from the launch vehicle, overall control was taken by Mission Operations Center at the Applied Physics Laboratory in Howard County, Maryland. The science instruments are operated at Clyde Tombaugh Science Operations Center in Boulder, Colorado. Navigation is performed at various contractor facilities, whereas the navigational positional data and related celestial reference frames are provided by the Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station through Headquarters NASA and JPL; KinetX is the lead on the New Horizons navigation team and is responsible for planning trajectory adjustments as the spacecraft speeds toward the outer Solar System. Coincidentally the Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station was where the photographic plates were taken for the discovery of Pluto's moon Charon; and the Naval Observatory is itself not far from the Lowell Observatory where Pluto was discovered. New Horizons was originally planned as a voyage to the only unexplored planet in the Solar System. When the spacecraft was launched, Pluto was still classified as a planet, later to be reclassified as a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union. Some members of the New Horizons team, including Alan Stern, disagree with the IAU definition and still describe Pluto as the ninth planet. Pluto's satellites Nix and Hydra also have a connection with the spacecraft: the first letters of their names are the initials of New Horizons. The moons' discoverers chose these names for this reason, plus Nix and Hydra's relationship to the mythological Pluto. In addition to the science equipment, there are several cultural artifacts traveling with the spacecraft. These include a collection of 434,738 names stored on a compact disc, a piece of Scaled Composites's SpaceShipOne, a "Not Yet Explored" USPS stamp, and a Flag of the United States, along with other mementos. About 30 grams (1 oz) of Clyde Tombaugh's ashes are aboard the spacecraft, to commemorate his discovery of Pluto in 1930. A Florida-state quarter coin, whose design commemorates human exploration, is included, officially as a trim weight. One of the science packages (a dust counter) is named after Venetia Burney, who, as a child, suggested the name "Pluto" after its discovery.

FK Raster Roman is a pixel-based serif typeface, sharpest at the 12-pixel size. Its Compact variant partially abandons the pixel grid and serves as a tightly spaced display typeface, carefully kerned to leave no superfluous gaps. The variable font smoothly transitions between sharp, pixelated form to completely rounded shapes, creating strong contrasts between the two states.

FK Raster Roman supports Latin Extended-A character set (i.e. Western European, Central European and Southeastern European languages) and several OpenType features. For complete specs see typeface specimen.

FK Raster Roman Specimen
PDF (61 KB)
  • Designer

    Květoslav Bartoš

  • Publisher

    Florian Karsten Typefaces

  • Release date

    September 2020

  • Version

    1.0.0 (September 2020)

  • Formats

    Static (OTF, TTF, WOFF, WOFF2), Variable (TTF, WOFF, WOFF2)

  • Glyphs

    484

  • OpenType features

    Standard Ligatures, Case Sensitive Forms, Fractions, Numerators, Denominators, Scientific Inferiors, Superscript, Subscript, Oldstyle Figures, Lining Figures, Proportional Figures, Tabular Figures, Slashed Zero

  • Language support

    Afrikaans, Albanian, Asturian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Bemba, Bosnian, Breton, Catalan, Cornish, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Faroese, Fijian, Filipino, Finnish, French, Frisian, Friulian, Galician, Ganda, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Kinyarwanda, Klingon, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Makhuwa, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Sango, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Shona, Slovak, Slovenian, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish, Swiss German, Turkish, Uzbek, Welsh, Zarma, Zulu

  • Licensing

    A basic license purchased via this website combines desktop and web license and covers installation on a given number of workstations within one organisation and allows you to self-host webfont files for a single domain with no time limitation for a given number of unique visitors per month. For more information about other licensing options, please check FAQ or get in touch.

Buy FK Raster Roman

Basic desktop + web license (up to 3 CPU, single domain up to 10k visitors/month)
For more information about other licensing options please check FAQ or get in touch.

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